Factors of optical fiber attenuation and classification of optical fiber loss

The factors of optical fiber attenuation and the classification of optical fiber loss are not particularly understood by many friends in these two aspects. To understand the factors of optical fiber attenuation, we need to start from several aspects. Let's have a detailed understanding below.
1. The main factors causing optical fiber attenuation are:
Intrinsic, bending, extrusion, impurities, inhomogeneity and butt joint, etc.
Intrinsic: it is the inherent loss of optical fiber, including Rayleigh scattering, inherent absorption, etc.
Bending: when the optical fiber is bent, the light in some optical fibers will be lost due to scattering, resulting in loss.
Extrusion: loss caused by slight bending when the optical fiber is extruded.
Impurity: the loss caused by the absorption and scattering of light propagating in the optical fiber by impurities in the optical fiber.
Inhomogeneity: loss caused by inhomogeneous refractive index of optical fiber material.
Butt joint: the loss caused by optical fiber butt joint, for example, the coaxiality of different axes (single-mode optical fiber) shall be less than 0.8 μ m) , the end face is not perpendicular to the axis, the end face is uneven, the butt center diameter does not match, and the welding quality is poor.
When light enters from one end of the fiber and exits from the other end, the intensity of the light decreases. This means that after the optical signal propagates through the optical fiber, the optical energy attenuates a part. This indicates that some substances in the optical fiber or for some reason block the passage of optical signals. This is the transmission loss of optical fiber. Only by reducing the optical fiber loss can the optical signal be unobstructed.

2. Classification of optical fiber loss
Optical fiber loss can be roughly divided into the inherent loss of optical fiber and the additional loss caused by service conditions after optical fiber is made. The details are as follows:
Optical fiber loss can be divided into inherent loss and additional loss.
Inherent loss includes scattering loss, absorption loss and loss caused by imperfect optical fiber structure.
Additional losses include micro bending loss, bending loss and connection loss.
Among them, the additional loss is caused artificially during the laying of optical fiber. In practical application, it is inevitable to connect the optical fibers one by one, and the optical fiber connection will produce loss. Small bending, extrusion and tensile stress of optical fiber will also cause loss. These are losses caused by optical fiber service conditions. The main reason is that the transmission mode in the fiber core changes under these conditions. Additional losses can be avoided as much as possible. Next, we will only discuss the inherent loss of optical fiber.

In the inherent loss, the scattering loss and absorption loss are determined by the characteristics of the optical fiber material itself, and the inherent loss caused by different working wavelengths is also different. To understand the mechanism of loss and quantitatively analyze the loss caused by various factors is of great significance for the development of low loss optical fiber and the rational use of optical fiber. Feinit focuses on the R & D and sales of optical communication products. For 12 years, feinit has been dedicated to the development of China's optical communication industry, especially the most famous optical fiber products, which meet the international and domestic standards of ice, Rosh and YD / T. If you have the demand for optical fiber products, you might as well consider issuing the standard optical fiber brand feinit. Feinit's manufacturer's consultation telephone number is 173-1622-1300.